Clocking: Network
(default)
Options: Network, Internal, External
Network: This is the most commonly used setting when connect
ing to a carrier’s network. In this mode, the unit recovers the
clock from the received signal and uses it to transmit data. In
this way the unit remains synchronized to a master clock. In
campus applications, one of the units must be set to Internal
clock, and the other end is set to Network clock. At all times,
there must be only one clock source. Otherwise, clock slips
and framing errors and bit errors may occur.
Internal: This is commonly used in campus applications, where
the unit is not connected to the public telephone network
directly. In this mode, the unit uses the on-board oscillator as
the transmit clock source.
External: This is a special mode that should only be used with
the Unframed format. In this mode, the unit requires a 1.544
Mhz clock signal from the DTE via the external clock pin on
the DTE interface connector. Most applications will use
Network or Internal clock modes.
Line Build Out (dB): 0 – 133 feet, 0 dB
(default)
Options: 0 – 133 feet, 0 dB
133 – 266 feet
266 – 399 feet
399 – 533 feet
533 - 655 feet
-7.5 dB
-15.0 dB
-22.5 dB
This controls the transmitter signal strength and pulse shape. For
most applications, the default setting will suffice. When connecting to a
carrier connection, the carrier will determine what LBO is necessary. 0
dB provides the highest signal strength and therefore the longest dis-
tance, while –15.0 dB provides the lowest usable signal strength. The
last setting, –22.5 dB, is usually only used to test the line and should
not be used in normal applications.
19
20
B8ZS: Bipolar violations occur when consecutive pulses are of
the same polarity. In B8ZS, or Bipolar Eight Zero Substitution,
bipolar violations are introduced deliberately to indicate that
eight zeros have been transmitted. This special encoding is
recognized by the receiver and decoded correctly. See AT&T
TR62411 Section 4.2.2 for a detailed description of B8ZS.
This enables information to be sent over a T1 connection
without any constraints on the data’s pulse density. This is the
most acceptable way to accomplish 64 kb/s on each DS0
channel.
B7ZS: This stands for Bipolar Seven Zero Substitution. Instead of
introducing bipolar violations, this method substitutes a one
for a zero in bit 7 (out of 8) of a DS0 channel when the data in
that channel are all zeros. This is a special form of AMI and is
compatible only with special equipment. For most applica-
tions, AMI or B8ZS will suffice.
DS0 Line Rate: 64kbps
(default)
Options: 64kbps, 56kbps
64kbps: Also known as Clear Channel, this takes full advantage
of the available bandwidth in a DS0 channel. Implementing it
usually requires B8ZS line coding. In certain cases, special
equipment may implement Clear Channel using AMI or B7ZS.
Consult the equipment manual for compatibility. Your carrier
will advise you on whether to use 64 or 56 kb/s. Campus
applications may not have such restrictions, enabling you to
use 64kbps. In Unframed format, the 24 DS0s and the fram-
ing bits are combined to provide 1.544Mb/s for your use.
56kbps: This uses only the first seven bits of the DS0, limiting the
data rate per DS0 channel to 56 kb/s. Your carrier will advise
you on whether to use 64 or 56 kb/s. This is not available
when using the Unframed format.
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(23 pages)
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